During the summer I would attend classes on the second floor. Kessler established the Kessler New Ebenezer Trust in 1984 with funds in excess of $1 million. From the windows and floors to the ornate plaster ceilings and the joints between the specially made glazed marble bricks and granite, every detail of the home is undergoing review. million for the 250-room Grand Bohemian. He has served as a director of the Company since March 2014. "I'm thinking through how I can fully integrate what this is and what it can be as an entertainment home to the power plant and what we're doing there," he said. I was in Santa Fe [New Mexico] this past week, and Im sure they were very sad to see me leave. In 1966, the school, then Armstrong State College, moved to the southside. Day, who had the idea of creating a hotel chain, Days Inns of America. Kessler initiated the brand concept launch by franchising the first seven hotels in the Autograph Collection; he is currently the largest American franchise operator in Marriotts Autograph Collection. Day and founded Days Inn of America, which Kessler later sold in 1984. "Art for the Art's Sake." Yes. Richard C. Kessler was born in Savannah on May 28, 1946. Many people ask this question about the money Richard C. Kessler makes from Facebook. "This Jan. 1 2019, exactly 100 years later, we're planning our opening party. He had a piece of land on the north side of Orlando and wanted a hotel built. Building and developing a team of the best people is probably the most
He has a net worth of about $4 million. Our approach in Grand Theme Hotels is different. Behind me is a mirror made in Venice in the 1700s, a fabulous piece. (adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({}); Simon Cheshire estimated Net Worth, Biography, Age, Height, Dating, Relationship Records, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & many more details have been updated below. His net worth has been growing significantly in 2021-2022. 5.0 /5.0. Richard C. Kessler estimated Net Worth, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & many more details have been updated below. Some of them have been covered up over the years, so it's a process of restoring.". As Dean of Mannes, Richard Kessler developed and implemented a comprehensive strategic plan that seeks to make Mannes the most progressive high quality music conservatory in the world. the Castle in Orlando? Please only use it for a guidance and Richard C. Kessler's actual income may vary a lot from the dollar amount shown above. hotel niche will continue to grow and profit. very quickly in our expansion mode. Savannah Magazine July/August 2004 pg. "That's been a great reference point to us as far as the restoration process, the colors and the function of the rooms themselves, which were sort of lost through history. They seem to focus more
I founded a Christian Retreat Conference Center in Effingham County [Georgia] which is focused on the family and offers a very inexpensive recreational place. Robbie Kessler's net worth estimate is $100,000 - $1M. Armstrong passed away in 1924, and in 1935 his wife donated the home to the city of Savannah to be used as the founding location of Armstrong Junior College. New name: Amplified, and former co-founder Richard Rawlings is no longer involved. Each of our hotels
[1] in Pitts Theology Library, on the campus of Atlantas Emory University. His next project, the Armstrong Kessler Mansion, was a nearly two-year restoration that is near and dear to his heart. Born in Savannah, Georgia and raised in Effingham County, Kessler earned his bachelor and master degrees in Industrial Engineering/Operations Research from Georgia Institute of Technology. ", Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. (Kimpton and Schrager
We develop entertainment themes for the upper-end tourist markets, and
It also allows me to sponsor some very good regional
I put them around a tree. Kessler, who holds bachelors and masters degrees in industrial engineering and operations research from Georgia Tech (Georgia Institute of Technology), also took summer classes in the mansion back when it was Armstrong Junior College. It's actually a myth about how to make money on Facebook Richard C. Kessler is an entrepreneur in the field of hotel development and operations. Height, Net Worth, lyrics: "Kommt das Glck erst spt zu Dir". a few visionaries who have focused on boutique hotels. Mr. Ressler owns 3,255 shares of Creative Media & Community Trust Co. stock worth more than $15,950 as of January 2nd. 129 Willow Forks Rd, Lexington, SC, 29073-7352. From Marbles to Mansions. Richard Kessler Business Litigation Attorney at McDonald Hopkins | Strategic Advisor and Litigator for Public and Private Companies Greater Chicago Area McDonald Hopkins LLC Chicago-Kent College. Additionally, on January 15, 2021, Kessler was announced to lead Operation Warp Speed. Between the combined decades of experience and many accolades of his team, Kessler is confident about the timeline. They had a grand opening party with about 200 people on Jan. 1, 1919," Kessler said. Richard Kessler made his mark on the hospitality industry, with The Kessler Collection defining elegance in luxury hotels. Butler. Authors Richard Kessler Net Worth Richard Kessler Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Relationships, Married, Dating, Family, Wiki Biography What are your expansion plans? niche? to detail. "The renovation in scope is very extensive," Kessler said. Kessler grew up in Brooklyn in the 1950s and 1960s. Richard Kessler is the main source of income for Writer, Soundtrack, which is doing very well. "The best technology then is now being complimented with the best technology today, so the polycarbonate film actually turns them into the equivalent of double pane glazing, so we get the thermal efficiency that you would of a modern window without compromising the original window glass.". Salary, Earnings, Richard C. Kessler- Relationship, Married Life, All You Need To Know About Tamara Hurwitz. travelers' needs in highly creative and unique ways. After they closed it, they spent five years cleaning it up. "The mansion is one of the most powerful buildings in Savannah and the siting and prominence of this structure warrants an equally strong setting," said Wertimer, who is based in Charleston. Quickly, we were ramping up ownership and operation of more Florida hotels. I belong to some animal conservation groups that contribute a lot of money to protect different species of animals. development and operational skills needed tax even a 30-year veteran like
He has worked as a pediatrician, attorney, author, and administrator. Net Worth and Salary. Currently, Irv Kessler works as a Broker at Kessler & Associates. "We have a polycarbonate film that will be added to the windows, as high performance as these windows were a hundred years ago they're single pane glass," Sottile said. What are the
The Kessler family has established the following scholarships for outstanding professionals and students: https://web.archive.org/web/20110318091726/http://www.newebenezer.org/index.htm, "Treutlen House Residential Facility for Children and Youth", "New Ebenezer Family Retreat And Conference Center Support Trust in Orlando, Florida (FL)", https://web.archive.org/web/20111002184238/http://www.finaid.gatech.edu/scholarships/found_end.php, "Orlando Arts and Theater: Covering the Orlando theater, arts, classical music, dance, and visual arts with reviews and listings - OrlandoSentinel.com", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_C._Kessler&oldid=1096284267, Days Inn Resort & Suites / Sheraton Safari Resort, Orlando, FL Developed as a themed hotel in 1995; sold December 1996, Sheraton Studio City Hotel, Orlando, FL Renovated and opened June 1999; sold August 2007, Kehoe House Bed & Breakfast, Savannah, GA Renovated and opened October 2003; sold June 2007, Excellence in Teaching Art & Music, Orange. Executive Assistant to Richard C. Kessler and Art Curator of Personal Collection & Director of Special Events. Richard Kessler: Business Man with a Sense of History. In 1984, Kessler founded The Kessler Enterprise which consists of several wholly owned subsidiaries consisting of development and operational companies. Its expensive as heck. However, it is worth mentioning that net worth and salary change over time, so the information in the table below may not be accurate. Lets take a look at Richard C. Kesslers past relationships, ex-girlfriends, and previous hookups. While the firm never owned the Armstrong House, several senior partners acquired interest in the building, holding it as the Armstrong House Trust until Kessler purchased the home. We're going to strip it down to its original condition," Kessler said of the safe. The second best result is Richard L Kessler age 80+ in Cameron, MO. He is one of the most successful Celebrities. Stalljunge Richard / Arzt / Jger Jrg: Neues vom Wixxer: 2007: Bobby: Deutschland ist schn: 2007: TV Series: Herr Fink: Bum-Bum: . The 76-year-old entrepreneurwho holdsbachelors and master's degrees in industrial engineering and operations research from the Georgia Institute of Technologyis passionate about historic renovations and has restored the 1888 Casa Monica Resort and Spa in St. Augustine, Florida, as well as such Savannah properties as the Mansion on Forsyth Park and the Kehoe House, both of which are now part of his hotel collection. An astute businessman and philanthropist, Kessler has over 50 years of experience in hotel development and hotel management. We're looking at buying a third plane, which a friend has been kind enough to lend to us, an Embraer Phenom 300. Day and help found Days Inn of America in August 1970. The top floor, which was the first area of the building to be divided into offices when the college opened, features a billiard room and conservatory. Immigration. Opened in 2000, adjacent to the site of the first organized orphanage in America, Treutlen House provides care, housing, support, and guidance to abused children. Michael Hitchcock is an American entertainer, comedian, and scriptwriter. Keeping true to the Armstrong family timeline he's got big plans for the home early next year. LA Theater credits include business lead functions in The Heiress, Dance at Lughnasa, The Visit to Bountiful, Shed in Yonkers, Big River and A Midsummer Nights Desire using the Pasadena Symphony. Howard Kessler Net Worth: Howard Kessler is an American businessman who has a net worth of $300 million. Mikkel Kessler net worth: Mikkel Kessler is a Danish professional boxer who has a net worth of $2.5 million dollars. [2] The chain was sold in 1984 and Kessler began his own independent ventures. J. Morse: Millenniums New President / Interview with GHG Chairman Jim
According to Wikipedia, Forbes, IMDb, and other online sources, renowned Celebrity Richard C. Kessler's net worth at the age of 73 is $1-5 Million. There is German Meissen porcelain all around me. Richard C. Kessler's income: $1-5 000 000 How old?, How tall & Body Size Richard C. Kessler current age 73 old. It seems we can't find what you're looking for. . Check back often as we will continue to update this page with new relationship details. Previously, he had also worked as a consultant to Orrin Hatch, a Republican senator from Utah. Kessler says, in the livestream, that he has been forced to move in with his parents after a series of lawsuits stemming from last year's violence sapped his funds. [7] Kessler retired from the Board after serving 30 years as Chairman. Richard has a beautiful Bsendorfer grand piano that will go in here and it will really be used as the entertaining extended of the house, so it becomes more like a lounge," Chewning said. In her speech, she said,Its too easy to take the elevator to success, so take the stairs.. artists. Since then Irv has changed 4 companies and 3 roles. He worked with Cecil Day to
SAVANNAH, Ga. (WSAV) - There's so much to say about legendary business leader and creative philanthropist Richard Kessler that we dedicated a major portion of our show The Bridge to him, and. With him, everything had to be perfect. Butler: Richard, you are one of
It's one of the best luxuries you can have. Grand Theme Hotels
Select this result to view Richard Kessler's phone number, address, and more. May 27, 2010. Irv Kessler Work Experience and Education. Required fields are marked *. The 80 foot, stainless steel high tech tower is positioned in a 100-inch diameter fountain and an assortment of 100 different songs chime on the quarter-hour.[10]. He is also Former Chairman, President and CEO, Days Inn of America, Inc. and Former Chairman of Lutheran Brotherhood . Right now, I'm sitting on 100-year-old Persian carpets. Richard C. Kessler is a visionary who has combined his creativity and vast entrepreneurial knowledge to build The Kessler Collection and its many brands. Allen Kessler net worth 45.5 Million Millions of dollars 99% Net worth score Disclamer: Allen Kessler net worth displayed here are calculated based on a combination social factors. Richard Kessler's
Richard C. Kessler posing for a photo. Wanna follow Richard C. Kessler's net worth? "You can come up here and most of all enjoy the views from the rooftop terrace. Richard C. Kessler Born: May 28, 1946 (age 76years), Savannah, Georgia, United States, Richard C. Kessler Children: Laura Kessler Van Til, Richard C. Kessler Education: Georgia Institute of Technology. Persistence is what got me through., Ive been shot at and missed before when it comes to dealing with complicated economies and business challenges, but Ive always pulled through. 6 Billy Crudup - $8 Million Billy Crudup's Cory Ellison is one of the most eccentric and endearing characters on the show. According to authoritative sources, it has been estimated that Orton's net worth is as high as $11 million. 20-24. Section C. Rauen, Stacy S. Hospitality Design. View FREE Public Profile & Reputation for Richard Kessler in Coral Springs, FL - See Court Records | Photos | Address, Emails & Phone Number | Personal Review | Income & Net Worth . In the early 1970s and at just 23 years old, Kessler worked with Cecil B. We have several. on Hotel Financing in 2001; Jim Butler, JMBM's Global Hospitality Group
They were really thinking about the details of the building and they built it for the long term," Kessler said. With 20% to 30% equity (and more)
the future to find new ways to satisfy my interests and creative drive. How did this get started and where does
I'd love to get on the jet, let them take me to a location, drop me off, and then come back and pick me up two weeks later. Law Office of Attorney Richard Kessler P.C, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Down the hall, original medicine cabinets and hardware can still be found in the bathrooms, one of which features a stand-up tile shower with 10 different nozzles. As a creator and builder, Kessler is very involved in the conception and design of all new developments. Fine art by Richard F. Kessler with an emphasis on figure drawing and painting: Surrealistic drawings in pen and ink pointillism; acrylics paintings on canvas in a colorful impressionistic realism style. Kessler is the Founder and Chairman of the New Ebenezer Retreat and Conference Center in New Ebenezer, Georgia. 2. Required fields are marked *. Rich also had a younger sister named Karen . Additionally, he receives compensation of $400,000 for the case that he filed against the Hulk Hogan, who is a retired professional wrestler in 2006. "It's a one of a kind. Moth Photographers Group at the Mississippi Entomological Museum at the Mississippi State University. Credits consist of Co-star jobs on The Practice, Passions, Vanished, as well as the Mysteries from the ULTIMATE GOAL. We adapt each theme to the particular location and market. Kessler is also the brainchild behind the 500-acre Silverwood Plantation residential community in Rincon, Georgia; the 900-acre Georgia North International Industrial Park; and other commercial land developments. Hans Epprecht is a Swiss-American entrepreneur with an estimated net worth of $2.1 billion. 1. to develop in California and New York, and later, theme resorts and then
It's a necessity that we have to get places today and its really encouraged me to look at shared ownership just to save time. The Global Hospitality Group(r) is a registered servicemark of Jeffer,
City: CORAL SPRINGS, FL. For a brief period of time after the college relocated, antiques dealer Jim Williams leased the home using it as an antiquities shop and overseeing the demolition of the auditorium in 1968 with the intention of restoring the garden. themed lodging, and - completely separate and apart from the Days Inn product
Richard C. Kessler's net worth is estimated to be in the range of approximately $658031135 in 2023, according to the users of vipfaq. Lets check out updated 2021 Richard Kessler Net Worth Income Salary report which is given below : Richard Kessler's Salary / Income: Per Year: $ 4,00,000 Per Month: $ 32,000 Per Week: $ 8,000. Es conocido por sus papeles en pelculas como Esperando a Guffman (1996), Mejor de la exposicin (2000), Un viento poderoso (2003), Por tu consideracin (2006), y otros. Where is YouTuber Bernadette Banner from? Kessler was a trial team member in a $2 billion class action that was named a "Top Defense Wins of the Year" by The National Law Journal. Charles's reported annual income was about $20 - 29,999; with a net worth that tops $50,000 - $99,999. Grand Theme Hotels, he is expanding to the West Coast, New York and other
Required fields are marked *. Kessler is no stranger to hard work and persistence. He earned the money being a professional Celebrity. "Every brick is being reviewed, analyzed and restored and every joint in the masonry has been cleaned.". It probably came from seeing people who were in need and in bad situations and couldn't help themselves. He is looking for top people, capital and locations. Ms. Kessler is partner-in-charge of the Columbus office of Jones Day. Paula Deen's "Riverbend" Waterfront Estate Closes in Historic Sale, Savannah Ghost Pirates vs Atlanta Gladiators - Jan 5, Savannah Ghost Pirates vs Florida Everblades - Dec 8. Kessler: I am always looking to
Real Time Net Worth. It was the largest undeveloped piece of land in any historic district in America, so I knew I needed to be very thoughtful about what I did and how I did it. Back then it was miserable because there was no air conditioning, says Kessler. View the profiles of people named Richard Kessler. Some of these projects include The Kessler Collection of themed hotels and resorts, the 500-acre Silverwood Plantation residential community, the 1,000-acre Georgia North International Industrial Park, and commercial land developments, including Plant Riverside District. Well, I think weve all recognized what a hassle flying commercial is: long lines, delayed flights, restrictions on luggageit's taken the joy out of flying. He is from the United States. Subscribe now to theprint editionfor the full article. empire. March 24, 1986. Karlchens nchtliche Verirrung (1920)as Writer, Your email address will not be published. 58-63, McKechnie, Gary and Howell, N. Kessler's Kingdom. School: CORAL SPRINGS HIGH SCHOOL. Speaking about Dr. David Kessler's family, he and his wife, Paulette shares a total of two children named Elise and Benjamin. challenges you face? He is passionate about historic renovations and renovated and restored the 1888 Casa Monica Resort and Spa in St. Augustine, FL, the Mansion on Forsyth Park, the Kehoe House in Savannah. as something of an art collector. The estimated Net Worth of Richard S Ressler is at least $105 Million dollars as of 6 October 2021. Theyre green on the outside, so we call them the pickles. Richard C. Kessler's Net Worth: $1-5 Million Richard C. Kessler- Relationship, Married Life Net Worth: $300 Million. He is one of the Richest Celebrity who was born in the United States. Paul Richard Kessler wiki ionformation include family relationships: spouse or partner (wife or husband); siblings; childen/kids; parents life. Richard S. Ressler J.D. This net worth estimate does not reflect any other assets that Mr. Ressler may own. He spent the next five years working diligently, leading five estate developments and operational companies which prepared him to become the president and CEO of Days Inn. He has served as Chairman of the Board for Lutheran Brotherhood and championed the merger of Aid Association for Lutherans when it became Thrivent Financial for Lutherans. Their creativity certainly has encouraged me in my development of unique
Richard is related to Jean Ann Kessler and Cheryl Lynn Hymes as well as 2 additional people. Exactly 100 years to the day.". At that time people didnt even know what boutique hotels were, says Kessler. come alive is a very exciting experience. We believe the themed
Following Armstrong's death in 1924, his wife, Lucy May Camp Armstrong, continued to live in the home with their daughter, Lucy Camp Armstrong. More >. since childhood, but I began serious collecting of furniture, art, clocks,
The new Ebenezer Retreat and Conference Center has space for group meetings of up to 400 people opening summer of 1976. [6] New Ebenezer, has been reconstructed to resemble the original 1700s township. From a private residence, to the Armstrong Memorial Junior College and most recently home to a law firm, it is now coming full circle as a residence for prominent art patron, entrepreneur, and luxury hotelier Richard C. Kessler. It's one of the biggest homes in Savannah, the birthplace of Armstrong Junior College and the former home of one of the city's oldest law firms. A man, dressed in jeans and a collared shirt, welcomes you with a warm smile and a firm handshake. needs and create happiness. it all end opening an art gallery? No expense was spared in the original construction of the home, which featured the latest dcor and technology available from a central vacuum system to the heavy bronze entry doors, which would have cost upward of $25,000 at the time. 1. . Everywhere I go is an art-buying trip. Teddy Campbell Net Worth; Charlotte McKinney Net Worth; Pierre Bouvier Net Worth; Michael Jackson Net Worth; my son and daughter, who will graduate from Cornell University Hotel School
A few months later, Cecil, in his mid-forties, went into the hospital and passed away. Finally, I learned the importance of a loving family. Lead jobs in independent movies consist of L.A. I went back to Tech, got a scholarship for my masters, and graduated in 12 months. He was the founder and Chairman of the New Ebenezer Conference and Retreat Center and founder and board member of Treutlen House for abused children. Other family members and associates include Jack Kessler, Elizabeth Kessler, David Kessler, David Kesslerand Ronald Kessler. Richard C. Kessler is CEO and Chief Operating Officer of The Kessler Enterprise, Inc. Career: At age 23, Richard Kessler became the right hand to real estate developer Cecil Day and helped found Days Inn of America in 1970. I had 17 hotels under construction at one time. July 2011. Per Day: Per Hour: Per Minute: Per Second: $ 1140: $ 19: $ 0.3: $ 0.05: Richard Kessler Wiki. I've always been a hunter and fisherman. Theres been speculation that if I ever had the chance, I would like to build a mixed-use development. Kessler was born in Savannah, Georgia and is a descendant of the Salzburgers,[1] a group of Lutherans from Salzburg (Austria) who came to America in 1732 seeking religious freedom. Well, Ive been shot at and missed before when it comes to dealing with complicated economies and business challenges, but Ive always pulled through. It is one of the largest theological libraries in the United States with nearly 130,000 items in the rare book and archive collection alone. And I love music and the outdoors. He is ranked on the list of 56528 popular Celebrities. Today, this Thrivent Financial is a Fortune 500 financial service organization with over eighty-three billion dollars in assets. Licensed Virginia Real Estate Agent Washington DC-Baltimore Area Keller Williams Realty,. Its almost as if the grand front door opens effortlessly and youre whisked inside, back to an era many are only able to experience in photos. It has served as a great learning
At the age of 23, Kessler became the right hand to real estate developer Cecil B. Now we know this was a bedroom or this was a sitting room, we know the function of the rooms.". It's a beautiful room.". "This room we have the original renderings, so we know what (the sitting room) and the master bedroom looked like," Chewning said. myself. Pg. "When I bought it, they gave it to me the law firm somehow got the original invitation that was sent out for the grand opening in 1919. In 1998 he moved to LA to pursue extra work in film and tv. Undoubtedly, his wealth will increase further assuming that he successfully continues his career. Kesslers talent for weaving history with modern flair has made him a trendsetter in the hospitality industry. putting the beautiful collection to a practical use that I can share with
We bought a historic building in New Bern, North Carolina, which we have started working on. Richard was born as Richard Lynn Carpenter to father Harold Bertram Carpenter and mother Agnes Reuwer Tatum. We can buy this used jet for maybe $5 or $6 million, so we have a million and a half or $2 million invested instead of $15 million. And I've been running it since. What is your approach on this
Pg. I headed up the development program of all the hotels and was in charge of negotiating all the contracts. Richard C. Kesslers Net Worth: $1-5 Million. He is also Former Chairman, President and CEO, Days Inn of America, Inc. and Former Chairman of Lutheran Brotherhood. You learn quickly that Mr. Richard Kessler, while as classy and sophisticated as they come, is just as hospitable as any true Southerner. developers can always find excellent opportunities. The Mulberry Inn project I did was the first boutique hotel in Savannah. Get notification with the latest net worth updates for free. Howard J. Kessler and his wife, Patricia Michele, bought the . sculpture, glass, etc. My father would say, Oh, Richie, you have rocks in your head. Well, I did. Mr. Ressler is the founder and President of Orchard Capital Corporation ("Orchard Capital"), a firm through which Mr. Ressler oversees companies in which Orchard Capital or its affiliates invest. Richard is now married. "Then I can justify it in my own mind, not that I need a 25,000 square-foot house. She later remarried and donated the building to the city of Savannah in 1935 to be used as the founding location of Armstrong Junior College. I think people are born with certain aesthetic abilities and skills, and for some reason, I was. The hotels are my art galleries! Butler: So that is when you started
Source: The Kesser Collection Richard C. Kessler's Birth This interview has been edited and condensed. In the upscale market, customers wanted something new, creative,
As I get closer to retiring, I want to do more pleasurable trips. I built about 4,000 rooms. I started collecting rocks when I was about three. "We got the A-team on this.". News Sport Region Music Person Profession Crypto. I learned a lot about them and have a major collection. Kessler: Yes, I've been a collector
0:51 Longtime Milwaukee area jeweler Richard Kessler, known for his chatty radio ads as chief executive and spokesman for Kesslers Diamond Center Inc., is no longer with the company. The second floor features grand bedroom suites and outdoor access to the curved hemicycle patio space on the home's north end, which looks out onto Bull Street and into Forsyth Park. Disclamer: Richard C. Kessler net worth displayed here are calculated based on a combination social factors. Now hes brought that Midas touch to his hometown of Savannah, transforming a historic Southern home into a modern masterpiece, The Armstrong Kessler Mansion. According to ZoomInfo records, Irv Kessler's professional experience began in 1993. That is not the problem. It is the only Italian Renaissance Revival home in Savannah and was once the shop of antique dealer Jim Williams, the protagonist in the book and filmMidnight in the Garden of Good and Evil. He has five more properties in the works. Kessler declined to disclose the total investment cost, but said the home is truly a treasure of Savannah and he's glad to have the opportunity to make the contribution and restore it back to its original condition. Home; Instagram Star; Celebrity; Writer; Dancer; Businessman; Search for: Richard C. Kessler's Net Worth. The third thing I learned from my father was how to work. I grew up in construction. are now located almost exclusively in the Southeast (particularly in Florida
Since I have collected sufficient art (my wife would say "excessive")