4K and M.W. Drug Deliv Syst. Radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors. WebHydrodynamic radius = variable size of an analyte with specific MW based on dynamical properties. When applied to adherent cell cultures, the APGD-t is capable of inducing temporary cell permeabilization. Recent Pat. Determination of polymer structure by Gel Permeation Chromatography. Each microporated sample was incubated in the skin culture medium. The particular dextrans which were used initially for conversion into synthetic blood-volume expanders [6, 7], human red blood cells aggregation for increasing the degree of polymerization and hence the molecular weight [8, 9, 10], hydrogels and microspheres [11], in drug transport system and its modifications as nanoparticles [12], in the removal through absorption of contaminant effluents such as heavy metals, organic molecules and inks [13], in the formation of biodegradable films [14, 15]. The author thanks Universidad Nacional de San Luis (Project 2-81/11), FONCyT (PICT 2004-N23-2548 and PICT 2008-N21-84), and CONICET (PIP 6324 Res. Masuelli, M. A. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. Elias, Hans-Georg (1975). Immediately after formation, the microchannels are filled with interstitial fluid, making them hydrophilic, and a suitable drug delivery system [15]. ACS Nano. In this work, we evaluate the maximum radius of macromolecules able to enter into HeLa cells following a plasma treatment using a size exclusion approach with dextran molecules. Levin G, Gershonowitz A, Sacks H, Stern M, Sherman A, Rudaev S, Zivin I, Phillip M. Transdermal delivery of human growth hormone through RF-microchannels. At the same temperature, the hydrodynamic radius and the intrinsic viscosity are higher for different molecular weights, while these properties decrease with an increase of temperature at the same molecular weight (Figure 1). 2012;29(7):201729. For a values from 0-0.5 a rigid sphere is predicted in a ideal solvent, from 0.5-0.8 a random coil in good solvent, and from 0.8-2 a rigid or rod like shape is expected (stiff chain). Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. All authors have consented to the submission of this manuscript for publication. The proportionality between []0 and M0.5 is obtained as a limiting law for the no draining regime. 2014 Sep;5(9):2324-30. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00319e. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Bookshelf These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa. Comparison of single-point and dilution procedures. Aqueous solutions of amphiphilic polysaccharides: Concentration and temperature effect on viscosity. Hi Alan F Rawle sir, Can you help me in calculating the size of dextran 6 (molecular weight= 6000) and dextran 70 (molecular weight 70000) WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Named after George Gabriel Stokes, it is closely related to solute mobility, factoring in not only size but also solvent effects.A smaller ion with stronger hydration, for example, may have a greater Stokes radius than a larger ion with Whiteside PJD, Chininis JA, Schellenberg MW, Qian C, Hunt HK. Molecular Weight Distributions of Water-Soluble Polymers by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. Journal of Colloid Science, 31, 308-328. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Immediately after 2, 5, and 10 times microporations, 97.1432.39, 80.5715.51, and 82.3916.49m sizes of micropores were formed on the skin, respectively. The Transdermal diffusion cell system (DHC-6TD, LOGAN instrument, USA) was used to assess FITC-dextran permeability in vitro. 2019;9(3-S):9726. This result could reflect the presence of some aggregated species within the lysozyme sample solution. The mostly used commercial product/ polysaccharide is dextran, and it is produced from bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with an overall degree of branching of about 5% [1-3][1]. Dextran standards with sequence molecular weight from 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa were utilized for the plot of calibration curve. FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. Bahary, W.S. The radius of gyration is typically calculated from static scattering measurements, while the hydro-dynamic radius (or equivalent sphere radius) is deter-mined by dynamic light scattering or other diffusion measurements. Because of the recent animal protection rules which have restricted animal experiments [19], we used human cadaver skin as an alternative to animals. 113, 81-86. These results suggest that fibroblasts proliferate and migrate under the SC, and regenerate the skin. Journal of Polymer Science, 17, 527-546. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. As a consequence of the diversity in their origin, the set of classical universal size independent quantities suffers from shortcomings. 2019;26(1):25261. Pavlov, G.M. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Huang S, Huang G. Preparation and drug delivery of dextran-drug complex. 2009;8(2):1739. Sung-Wook Choi. The solutions were prepared in bidestilated water at 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25 % wt. At 25C both values of a and kM-H are within the range reported by [3, 8, 16]. Ed., 9(2), 85-90. Pharm Res. Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the An undergraduate physical chemistry experiment. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7. Santoro MM, Gaudino G. Cellular and molecular facets of keratinocyte reepithelization during. Carbohydrate Polymers 88 373-381. ; Veldhuis, T.F.J. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). Jeanes, A.; Haynes, W.C.; C. Wilham, A.; Rankin, J.C; Melvin, E.H.; Austin, M. J.; Cluskey, J. E.; Fisher, B.E. The results are shown to be in good agreement with available hydrodynamic models for spherical solutes in cylindrical pores with the effective solute to pore size ratio evaluated using a partitioning model which implicitly These studies were carried out at the Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). Study of temperature influence. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. "Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. WebAmines per 70KDa dextran Theeffectofchargerepulsiononthe hydrodynamicradiuscanbeseenwithRh increaseswithchargedensity.Charge repulsioncausesthehydrodynamicradius toincrease.Withincreasingcharge,the dextranprogressivelyunfolded.Evena lowlevelofaminationcausesthepolymer tounfold. Curvale, R.; Masuelli, M.; Perez Padilla, A. 2006;3(3):37385. To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. Quintanilla-Pineda M, Achou CG, Daz J, Gutirrez-Falcon A, Bravo M, Herrera-Muoz JI, Pea-Navarro N, Alvarado C, Ibaez FC, Marzo F. Foods. Amersham Biosciences, AA Edition, www.amershambiosciences.com. The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Mark-Houwink values confirm that for these conditions dextrans behave as rigid spheres with a tendency at compaction as temperature increases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. Masuelli, Martin Alberto (2013). Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. Google Scholar. par | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth WebTo address this perception, in the current study, FITC-dextran of different MWs (10, 70 and 150 kDa) was used to model the transdermal delivery of low MW biotherapeutics and mAbs with MWs of approximately 150 kDa. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. 1994, 95-0355. SEC of mono-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a wide range of pH, MarkHouwink constants. Table 2 shows that comparing the intrinsic viscosity data obtained from the Huggins method and the Solomon-Ciuta single-point method, a similar values are obtained and the %RE is lower for low Mw and it increases for higher Mw. Middelkoop E, Bogaerdt AJ, Lamme EN, Hoekstra MJ, Brandsma K, Ulrich MMW. The calculation of Mark-Houwink parameters is carried out by the graphic representation of the following equation: where kMH (cm3/g) and a are Mark-Houwink constants, depending on the type of polymer, solvent, and temperature of intrinsic viscosity determinations [46]. The same way, many of these authors emphasize the non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran molecular weight range from 9 to 2000kDa [3,5,8,16, 37,38]. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters universalized for the range of working temperatures are the following: 0.4267 for a*, and 0.1455 cm3/g for k*M-H, with 2 of 0.9399. The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. Correspondence to The human and pig skin samples were placed in the receiver chamber of the Transdermal diffusion cell system with the SC facing up and the donor chamber was fixed in place. Rotureau, E.; Dellacherie, E.; Durand, A. There is a formula that used to calculate the radius (in Angstrom) from the molar mass (in g/mol) of dextran, a=0.33*(MM^0.46) where, a and MM are Red blood cell rouleaux formation in dextran solution: dependence on polymer conformation. J. Phys. The relation between Mw and the intrinsic viscosity is given by Mark-Houwink equation. Huggins equation [41] gives the relation to the relative viscosity increase (i). GYA primarily conducted research. 2012 Sep 1;90(1):441-6. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.063. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. Biomacromolecules 8, 2464-2475. Human cadaver skin has been confirmed as alive skin tissue through analysis of its morphology and enzymes, and its usefulness as an alternative skin membrane in drug permeation experiments has been verified [20]. Web54 we estimated that the hydrodynamic radii of 3-5 kDa dextran, 20 kDa dextran, and 70 kDa dextran are 2 55 nm, 5 nm, and 6 nm, respectively. Intrinsic viscosity of bovine serum albumin conformers. The M-H equation is empirical and valid for monodisperse polymers, and it is applied to biomacromolecules (complex, hyperbranched, crosslink), taking the precaution of comparing the value of Mv with the polydispersity index (qM-H). Dilute Solution. Ind. Sintov AC, Krymberk I, Daniel D, Hannan T, Sohn Z, Levin G. Radiofrequency-driven skin microchanneling as a new way for electrically assisted transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs. 4, 10, and 20K) was measured using the Transdermal diffusion cell system. Pure Appl. ; Patel, T.R. Eng. The hydrodynamic 57 radius of the dextranase is 7 ; Prasad, D.H.L. IV. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 2009;6(4):34354. (2003). Working with the molecular weights given by the manufacturer and compare them with the molecular weights, calculated from the Mark-Houwink parameters in this work; can be seen that the %RE obtained, see Table 6. Exp Cell Res. 2003;89(2):31120. The Solomon-Ciuta single-point method is used for calculating dextran intrinsic viscosity and the error relative is calculated, and %RE respect to Huggins method is >4.18% for 2000kDa, and >2.06% for 8.8kDa (Table 2). Disclaimer. Static and Dynamic Light-Scattering Solution Behavior of Pullulan and Dextran in Comparison. Table 5 shows the data of Mark-Houwink parameters determined in figure 4 from linear regressions with 2 values higher than 0.9797. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. The first term on the left-hand side of equation 2 (i/c) has a linear relation as a function of the concentration (c in g/cm3), where is the intrinsic viscosity [] is given by (c0) [42, 43]. Chem. ; Hogan, M.P. 2016;9706:97061E6. 2008;26(11):12618. Lim SB, Tingirikari JMR, Seo JS, Li L, Shim S, Seo JH, Han NS. Barrier integrity was examined using Tewameter to confirm the poration of human cadaver skin using a microporation device. Kim, D.; Robyt, J. F.; So-Young Lee; Jin-Ha Lee; Young-Min Kim. WebDextran 670 GPC Standard Normative Mw - 670000 Da GPC standards can be used for calibration and molecular weight determination. Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation. Proc. For ellipsoids, as studied by Simha, (a/b) is a function of axial ratio. Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. Tirtaatmadja, V.; Dunstan, D. E.; Boger, D. V. (2001). WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Biomaterials. The biological activity of cationic liposomes in drug delivery and toxicity test in animal models. Intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relationship for chitosan. Therefore, it is suitable as model molecules with different molecular weights for transdermal drug delivery [29]. Kloster, C.; Bica C.; Rochas C.; Samios, D.; Geissler, E. (2000). Conversely, fluorescein sodium was the compound selected to model hydrophilic, low MW drugs. ; Ghosh, T.K. 4K, b M.W. This universalization of the parameters leads to a higher error ratio in the calculation of the respective molecular weights. We observe that this maximum radius is below Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. Indo AM J Pharm. Copyright 2006-2023 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved, Dextran, Tetramethylrhodamine, 2,000,000 MW, Lysine Fixable, Sulen und Kartuschen fr die Chromatographie, Kunststoffartikel und Zubehr fr das Labor, Spektroskopie, Element- und Isotopenanalyse, Alle Themen fr Hilfe und Support anzeigen, Status und Nachverfolgung von Bestellungen, Reagenzien und Kits fr die Neurowissenschaft, Discover how to track and trace cells by imaging , Hier finden Sie unsere brigen Tracking-Produkte fr Sugetier-Zellkulturen, Molecular Probes Dextran-Konjugate Tabelle14.4. (2008). The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Covis, Rudy; Ladaviere, Catherine; Desbrieres, Jacques; Marie, Emmanuelle; Durand, Alain. The measurements of dextrans molecular weight were determined by size exclusion HPLC (Gilson, France) with Refraction Index detector using a Polysep-GFC-P5000 column (7.8030 mm). Format), Citation-(BibTeX However, the currently available transdermal systems are limited by low drug permeability across the skin due to the lipophilic barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost skin layer of the skin [3,4,5]; the methods favor low molecular mass, and lipophilic molecules, making it difficult to exploit the transdermal route for large and water-soluble molecules such as proteins and peptides. a-d Haematoxylin/eosin-stained histological sections of human cadaver skin sample and e quantified data using ImageJ for different time periods after microporation. In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. Quantitative data are presented as the meanstandard deviation, and comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). volume24, Articlenumber:22 (2020) A single frequency laser is directed to the sample contained in a cuvette. Advances in Carbohydrate Analysis, 1, 63-144. In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. The characteristic Rg/Rh value for a globular protein is ~0.775, which means that Rg is smaller than Rh. Part of These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. Mainaa, Ndegwa Henry; Pitknen, Leena; Heikkinen, Sami; Tuomainen; Pivi; Virkki, Liisa; Tenkanen, Maija (2014). Nair SS. Microneedles and their applications. Chem. Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). Table1 shows TEWL values measured immediately after the microporation of human and pig skins. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. In the future, we plan to investigate the possibility of enhancing the delivery of other macromolecular drugs such as peptides and siRNAs using the RF-based microporation device. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. The cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran 10K was 4.820.32M, in the human skin and 5.920.46M in the pig skin. The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. statement and Barshtein, G.; Tamir, I.; Yedgar, S. (1998). Advances in Physical Chemistry, Vol. Molecular weight (M v) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. WebDextran displays excellent biocompatibility and have been used clinically for over 50 years. A similar article of dextran/water [35] clearly demonstrating the dependence of Mark-Houwink parameters with temperature. The calculated dextran molecular weights are corroborated by those tabulated data by the manufacturer with a relative error lower than 10%, being the exception dextrans 580 and 2000kDa with the highest relative error. ; Rjumtsev, E.I. With FITC-dextran 20K, cumulative permeation in the human skin was 2.530.48M, and 3.340.19M in the pig skin, which significantly lower than FITC-dextran 4K. Cumulative amount of FITC-dextran permeated after microporation on the human and pig skin for FITC-dextran M.W.. a M.W.